Pressure fluid turbine



Sept. 1, 1953 K. A. RDER PRESSURE FLUID TURBINE Filed Feb. 16, 19512..... .-/f/wrl INVENTOR /fAl- A RDER Patented Sept. l, 1953 2,650,794PRESSURE FLUID TURBINE Karl A. Rder, Post Rottendorf, near Wurzburg,Germany Application February 16, 1951, Serial No. 211,379 In GermanyFebruary 2, 1949 1 Claim.

The invention relates to a turbine driven by a hot pressure fluid andhaving a supply conduit for said driving fluid which is connected to theturbine through the intermediary of a main valve.

Starting turbines of this kind is a very delicate operation and cancause damage of the stuiiing or labyrinth boxes, the shaft and theblades of the rotor due to bending of the shaft of the rotor and theaxis of the casing. Said diiliculties particularly occur when theturbine is restarted after having been stopped for a relatively shorttime and are due to diiierences in temperature between the upper andlower parts of the turbine caused by the hot driving fluid entering theturbine before it is started or by hot iiuid left in the turbine duringstopping for a shorter or longer time. Generally the upper parts of theturbine have a higher temperature than the lower parts. Moreover therotor is liable to much more rapid changes in temperature than therelatively heavier casing.

The invention has for its object to equalize the temperature between theupper and lower parts of the turbine so that dierences in temperatureare avoided when the turbine is to be started. With this object in Viewaccording to the invention an ejector is provided the supply side ofwhich is connected to a conduit branched off from `the supply conduit ofthe turbine at the upstream side of the main valve of the turbine andthe outlet side of the ejector being connected to a conduit leading toone or more openings in the lower part of the wall of the casing of theturbine, said ejector having a suction conduit connected to one or moreopenings in the upper part of the wall of said casing. With saidarrangement an upwards directed flow of the hot fluid is generated inthe interior of the casing of the turbine before the main valve of theturbine is opened and the turbine starts.

The drawing shows a diagrammatical sectional elevation of the turbineaccording to the invention.

The blades-carrying rotor b of the turbine is supported in bearings h.The stationary guideblades carrying drum la surrounds the rotor b and issupported in the casing m.

Driving fluid, for instance high pressure steam, is supplied to theturbine by means of conduit 11, through the intermediary of a main valvea and after expansion in the stages of the turbine the fluid leaves thecasing at p.

For heating up the turbine before starting takes place an ejector c isprovided and the supply side of said ejector by means of conduit f isconnected to conduit n at the upstream side of valve g. The outlet sideof ejector c by means of conduit e and branch pipes r, s, t is connectedto openings provided at suitable places in the lower part of the wall ofcasing m. The suction side of the ejector c by means of conduit d andbranch. pipes n, s1, t1 is connected to suitable openings provided inthe upper part of the wall of the casing.

Before starting the turbine valve o provided in conduit f is opened, themain valve g of the turbine still remaining closed. Hot pressure iiuidnow enters the ejector c through conduit f and is discharged throughconduit e in the lower part of the casing of the turbine so that in saidcasing an ascending flow of hot iiuid is produced which tends toequalize the temperature in all parts located in the flow of the iiuidand differences between the upper part and lower part of the turbine areavoided. Bending of the rotor shaft and the axis of the casing caused bydifferences in temperature between the upper and lower part of thecasing are, therefore, prevented.

The water of condensation is withdrawn in the usual way.

When normal operation of the turbine is started valve g is opened andvalve o is closed. Only normal deflections of the turbine shaft and thecasing will now occur, so that distortion and damage of the labyrinth orstuiiing boxes and blades, decrease of efliciency and consequentlyinterruptions of the normal operation of the turbine causing high costsof repair will be avoided.

What I claim is:

In a pressure fluid turbine having an outer casing. a rotor, astationary guide-blades carrying drum enclosing said rotor and open atboth ends to the interior of said casing, a casing inlet and a casingoutlet, wall means 1n said casing intermediate oi said casing inlet andsaid casing outlet for supporting said stationary guide-blades carryingdrum intermediate of the ends thereof and a supply conduit for saiddriving fluid connected to the outer casing through the intermediary ofa main valve, the provision of an ejector the supply side of which isconnected to a conduit branched off from the supply conduit of theturbine at the upstream side of the main valve of the turbine and theoutlet side of the ejector being connected to a conduit leading to oneor more inlet openings provided in the lower part of the wall of thecasing of the turbine, said ejector having a suction conduit connectedto one or more discharge openings in the upper part of the wall of saidcasing, each inlet opening in the lower part oi' the casing and thecorresponding discharge opening in the upper part of the casing beinglocated substantially in a common plane perpendicular to the axis of theturbine.

KARL A. RDER.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,468,633 Herr Sept. 25, 1923 1,607,234 Brown Nov. 16, 19261,896,508 Brown Feb. 7, 1933 2,303,190 Anderson Nov. 24, 1942 2,402,841Ray June 25, 1946

